GCSE Sociology Unit 2

Unit one is now done!  Just unit two to go!  Here are ten top tips for unit 2:

1. Remember unit two has four topics but you only need to answer three sections:

• crime
• mass media
• power and politics

2. You do NOT need to answer the section on wealth, poverty and welfare.

3. You will need to answer three 12 marks essays so be careful with your timings (spend around 12 to 15 minutes on each essay).  Remember you only answer one from each topic area.

4. There are quite a few theories to revise for crime.  Key ones include:

• functionalist view (crime is caused by poor socialisation)
• new right view (Murray agreed with functionalists and argued diverse family types can lead to crime)
• marxist view (capitalism causes crime as poor people commit crime through need and rich people through greed)
• subcultural theories (Cohen argued status frustration leads to group deviance e.g. gang violence)
• labelling view (labelling leads to the self fulfilling prophecy e.g. being labelled as a trouble maker leads to acting like a trouble maker)
• chivalry theory (women are treated leniently by police and this is one of the reasons why statistics show gender differences in crime)

5. Mass media also has a few approaches to revise:

• hypodermic syringe (the media has a direct effect on a passive media audience)
• decoding approach (people interpret the media based on different factors such as age and the audience is active)
• uses and gratification (people use the media to meet different need e.g. to inform or entertain and the audience is active)
• pluralist view (there are lots of media sources and so consumers have choice over what they read)
• conflict view (the media is owned by rich, white, men who portray their own views in the media so they have power)

6. For power and politics there are four main approaches:

• pluralist views (even though MPs tend to be middle class, white, men they represent their constituents and represent their constituents views.  Pressure groups support democracy as they allow people to support a range of issues)
• conflict view (MPs tend to be middle class, white, men and this is an problem as MPs can represent their own views when passing laws.  This is true for other parts of the state e.g. top lawyers, judges etc also tend to be white, middle class men.  Pressure groups only tend to have any say if they are insider groups even if the pressure group has lots of support)
• Labour (have a positive view of the welfare state as they believe policies such as the NHS and minimum wage help to overcome social issues such as poverty)
• New Right (dislike many welfare policies as they believe policies such as benefits create a "culture of dependency" where people become too dependent on benefits)

7. Remember the power questions can sometimes require you to use your learning from unit 1 or elsewhere from unit 2

8. Carefully check the paper at the end to make sure you have not missed out any questions!

9. To gain high marks in your 12 mark answers remember to include examples, key terms and key thinkers/theories if they are relevant.  This shows the examiner you are an intelligent Sociologist rather than just an intelligent student!

10. Remember it is crucial that you give a contrasting view for the 12 mark question to achieve 6+ marks

Good luck!